The Takahashi 2x Ortho-Barlow is a focal extender that does not degrade image quality, unlike many traditional Barlow lenses.
Like all Takahashi eyepieces and Barlows, the Ortho-Barlow was developed in combination with an aberration-free optical system (in this case, the true reference-grade TOA-series refractors) to ensure that no additional aberrations were introduced by the Barlow. In fact, by pairing the Ortho-Barlow with Takahashi TPL eyepieces, a better quality image at both the centre of the field and the edge is produced than without the Ortho-Barlow. Additionally, any residual extremely minor chromatic aberration of the TOA objective is cancelled out completely.
The Ortho-Barlow's 2x magnification can be varied by changing the distance between the eyepiece or camera sensor according to this formula: [magnification] = 2 + 0.0121 x D, where D is the distance between the end of the Barlow's T-thread to the sensor surface or entrance diaphragm of the eyepeice.